@article{0cdd6cd94e1d47a59dc3e807a0c27bda,
title = "An energy balance model for low--level clouds based on a simulation resolving mesoscale motions",
abstract = "This study proposes a new energy balance model to determine the cloud fraction of low-level clouds. It is assumed that the horizontal cloud field consists of several individual cloud cells with a similar structure. Using a high–resolution simulation dataset with a wide numerical domain, we conducted an energy budget analysis. Here we show that the energy injected into the domain by surface flux is approximately balanced with that loss due to radiation and advection due to large–scale motion. The analysis of cloud cells within the simulated cloud field showed that the cloud field consists of a number of cloud cells with similar structures. We developed a simple model for the cloud fraction from the energy conservation equation. The cloud fraction determined using the model developed in this study was able to quantitatively captured the simulated cloud fraction.",
keywords = "Cloud microphysics, Convection, Low–level clouds",
author = "Yoshiaki Miyamoto and Yousuke Sato and Seiya Nishizawa and Hisashi Yashiro and Tatsuya Seiki and Noda, {Akira T.}",
note = "Funding Information: the editor, Dr. Hideaki Kawai. The simulation was performed on the K computer at the RIKEN Advanced Institute for Computational Science (hp140046). This work was supported by FLAGSHIP2020, the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT), within the priority study 4 (Advancement of meteorological and global environmental predictions utilizing observational “Big Data”). Y. M. was supported by JSPS Grant-in-Aid for Research Activity Start-up 19K21053, Keio University Academic Development Funds for Individual Research, Keio Research Institute at SFC start-up grant, and the Sumitomo Foundation grant for environmental research projects 183040. A. N. was supported by the “Integrated Research Program for Advanced Climate Models (TOUGOU) program)” from MEXT, Japan. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} The Author(s) 2020.",
year = "2020",
month = oct,
doi = "10.2151/jmsj.2020-051",
language = "English",
volume = "98",
pages = "987--1004",
journal = "Journal of the Meteorological Society of Japan",
issn = "0026-1165",
publisher = "Meteorological Society of Japan",
number = "5",
}
