Chemoenzymatic synthesis of both enantiomers of 2-tert-butyl-2-methyl-1,3- benzodioxole-4-carboxylic (TBMB) acid

Both enantiomers of 2-tert-butyl-2-methyl-1,3-benzodioxole-4-carboxylic (TBMB) acid, which has a unique quaternary chiral center located on the acetal carbon, were prepared from a racemic ketone in which the carboxy group was replaced by a trifluoroacetyl group. First, reduction with fungi, Geotrichum candidum provided (2S,1′S)- and (2R,1′S)- 1′-(2-tert-butyl-2- methyl-1,3-benzodioxol-4-yl)-2′,2′,2′-trifluoroethanol in a highly enantiofacially selective manner. After acetylation, the resulting diastereomeric mixture was submitted to Candida antarctica lipase B-catalyzed transesterification. The reaction proceeded in a stereoselective manner under the influence of the chiral center at the acetal carbon, even though it was six atoms removed from the ester carbonyl carbon. Although the two substrates had the same absolute configuration at the secondary alcohol, the reaction rate of one stereoisomer was 72 times greater than that of the other isomer. The reason for this differential reactivity was attributed mainly to a large difference in V_max(app) between the stereoisomers. The products, acetate and alcohol, were easily separated by chromatography, and each was then derivatized to (R)- and (S)-TBMB acid, with >99.2% ee, respectively.