Clinical impact of closure of the mucosal defect after duodenal endoscopic submucosal dissection

Background and Aims: Delayed adverse events (bleeding or perforation) are major concerns associated with duodenal endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD). The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of prophylactic closure of the mucosal defect after duodenal ESD. Methods: This is a retrospective study from a university hospital. One hundred sixty-eight patients (173 lesions) who underwent duodenal ESD between July 2010 and June 2017 were included in this study. The study participants were divided into 3 subgroups according to the degree of closure: complete group, incomplete group, and unclosed group. The proportion of delayed adverse events, maximum serum level of C-reactive protein (CRP), and total length of hospital stay were compared among these subgroups. Moreover, a multivariate logistic regression model was constructed to identify the risk factors for delayed adverse events. Results: The proportion of delayed adverse events in the complete group, incomplete group, and unclosed group were 1.7%, 25%, and 15.6%, respectively. The difference between the complete group and the other groups was significant (P <.01). The maximum serum CRP level was much lower (1.51 ± 2.18 mg/dL vs 6.28 ± 10.0 mg/dL, P <.01), and the length of hospital stay was significantly shorter in the complete group than in the incomplete/unclosed group (median [range] 5 [5-14] days vs 8 [4-59] days, P <.01). Multivariate analysis revealed that complete closure had a significant decrease in delayed adverse events (odds ratio [OR], 0.055; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.01-0.29; P <.01), and a lesion located distal from the descending part showed a statistical tendency to an increase in delayed adverse events (OR, 4.48; 95% CI, 0.85-23.6; P =.08). Conclusion: The present study revealed that complete closure of the mucosal defect after duodenal ESD significantly decreased the number of delayed adverse events and improved other outcomes.