@inbook{1697c6cc7080497f9c8143d76a306143,
title = "CRISPR-Mediated Activation of Transposable Elements in Embryonic Stem Cells",
abstract = "Mounting evidence has established that subsets of transposable elements (TEs) function as gene regulatory elements in a cell type- and species-specific manner. Here we describe an in vitro system to ectopically activate TEs using CRISPR-mediated activation (CRISPRa) for functional studies in mouse embryonic stem cells (ESCs). We established a stable mouse CRISPRa ESC line, in which expression of guide RNA enables the activation of TE-derived enhancers and the expression of their adjacent genes. We show an example of ectopic activation of TE-derived enhancers that function in male meiosis, as well as the expression of adjacent germline genes in ESCs. This system can also be applied to functional studies of TEs that are not active in ESCs.",
keywords = "CRISPR activation, Embryonic stem cells, Endogenous retroviruses, Germ cells, Meiosis, Spermatogenesis, Transposable elements",
author = "Akihiko Sakashita and Masaru Ariura and Namekawa, {Satoshi H.}",
note = "Funding Information: We thank Katie Gerhardt for editing the manuscript; Cincinnati Children{\textquoteright}s Hospital Medical Center for allowing us to develop this method when we were affiliated; and CCHMC Research Flow Cytometry Core for sharing FACS equipment, which is supported by NIH grant S10OD023410. This work was supported by Lalor Foundation Postdoctoral Fellowship and JSPS Overseas Research Fellowship to A.S. and NIH grants GM122776 and GM141085 to S.H.N. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.",
year = "2022",
doi = "10.1007/978-1-0716-2380-0_11",
language = "English",
series = "Methods in Molecular Biology",
publisher = "Humana Press Inc.",
pages = "171--194",
booktitle = "Methods in Molecular Biology",
}