TY - JOUR
T1 - Distribution of Macrobiotus shonaicus Stec, Arakawa & Michalczyk, 2018 (Tardigrada
T2 - Eutardigrada: Macrobiotidae) in Japan
AU - Sugiura, Kenta
AU - Arakawa, Kazuharu
AU - Matsumoto, Midori
N1 - Funding Information:
This study was supported in part by KAKENHI grant-in-aid for the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) research Fellow (grant no. JP18J21345 to KS), *by Scientific Research (B) from JSPS **(grant no.17H03620 to KA), by Joint Research by Exploratory Research Center on Life and Living Systems (ExCELLS, No.19-501), and by research funds from the Yamagata Prefectural Government and Tsuruoka City.
Publisher Copyright:
Copyright © 2020 Magnolia Press.
PY - 2020/4/23
Y1 - 2020/4/23
N2 - To date, only seven species of Macrobiotidae (Parachela; Eutardigrada; Tardigrada) have been reported from Japan, including the recently described Macrobiotus shonaicus Stec et al., 2018 from the Shonai region of Japan. This species has flexible filaments on the egg processes and is known to proliferate only through sexual reproduction. Here, we report a multifaceted analysis of nine populations of M. shonaicus found on four Japanese islands. DNA sequencing of the cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) and internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS-2) of the nine populations revealed 8 and 11 haplotypes, respectively. The extensive morphometric analysis showed considerably greater variability in the morphology of eggs than of animals. In addition to the morphological and molecular data, we confirmed the karyotype and found that all populations had a chromosome number of n = 6. Moreover, we observed and filmed mating behaviour between all studied populations of M. shonaicus. Our results clearly indicated that M. shonaicus is widely distributed throughout Japan.
AB - To date, only seven species of Macrobiotidae (Parachela; Eutardigrada; Tardigrada) have been reported from Japan, including the recently described Macrobiotus shonaicus Stec et al., 2018 from the Shonai region of Japan. This species has flexible filaments on the egg processes and is known to proliferate only through sexual reproduction. Here, we report a multifaceted analysis of nine populations of M. shonaicus found on four Japanese islands. DNA sequencing of the cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) and internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS-2) of the nine populations revealed 8 and 11 haplotypes, respectively. The extensive morphometric analysis showed considerably greater variability in the morphology of eggs than of animals. In addition to the morphological and molecular data, we confirmed the karyotype and found that all populations had a chromosome number of n = 6. Moreover, we observed and filmed mating behaviour between all studied populations of M. shonaicus. Our results clearly indicated that M. shonaicus is widely distributed throughout Japan.
KW - DNA barcoding
KW - Geographic distribution
KW - Karyotype
KW - Mating
KW - Tardigrade
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U2 - 10.11646/zootaxa.4767.1.2
DO - 10.11646/zootaxa.4767.1.2
M3 - Article
C2 - 33056572
AN - SCOPUS:85083641699
VL - 4767
SP - 56
EP - 70
JO - Zootaxa
JF - Zootaxa
SN - 1175-5326
IS - 1
ER -