TY - JOUR
T1 - Elemental Analysis of Soluble and Insoluble Fractions of Rain and Surface Waters by Particle-Induced X-ray Emission
AU - Tanaka, Shigeru
AU - Darzi, Michael
AU - Winchester, John W.
PY - 1981/3
Y1 - 1981/3
N2 - procedure has been developed and tested for the analysis of small water samples, using particle-induced X-ray emission (PIXE) for soluble and insoluble elemental constituents separated by Nuclepore filtration. Nanogram sensitivity for samples in the 0.17-cm2 target area of a Van de Graaff accelerator proton beam permits the simultaneous determination of ~15 elements from A1 to Pb in the solids on a filter and by evaporation of a few milliliters of water on thin Mylar film. Rainwater from Tallahassee, FL, contained Al, Si, Ti, and Cr exclusively in the insoluble fraction while S, K, Ca, Ni, Cu, Zn, and Br were present principally as soluble elements. Fe and Pb were more evenly distributed between the two fractions. Surface-water samples in the Tallahassee area, from a lake and rainfall runoff from two shopping centers, showed qualitatively similar partitioning of the elements between the two fractions, although with a tendency for greater proportions to be insoluble.
AB - procedure has been developed and tested for the analysis of small water samples, using particle-induced X-ray emission (PIXE) for soluble and insoluble elemental constituents separated by Nuclepore filtration. Nanogram sensitivity for samples in the 0.17-cm2 target area of a Van de Graaff accelerator proton beam permits the simultaneous determination of ~15 elements from A1 to Pb in the solids on a filter and by evaporation of a few milliliters of water on thin Mylar film. Rainwater from Tallahassee, FL, contained Al, Si, Ti, and Cr exclusively in the insoluble fraction while S, K, Ca, Ni, Cu, Zn, and Br were present principally as soluble elements. Fe and Pb were more evenly distributed between the two fractions. Surface-water samples in the Tallahassee area, from a lake and rainfall runoff from two shopping centers, showed qualitatively similar partitioning of the elements between the two fractions, although with a tendency for greater proportions to be insoluble.
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U2 - 10.1021/es00085a013
DO - 10.1021/es00085a013
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:0019389967
SN - 0013-936X
VL - 15
SP - 354
EP - 357
JO - Environmental Science & Technology
JF - Environmental Science & Technology
IS - 3
ER -