TY - JOUR
T1 - Executive dysfunction in medication-naïve children with ADHD
T2 - A multi-modal fNIRS and EEG study
AU - Kaga, Yoshimi
AU - Ueda, Riyo
AU - Tanaka, Miho
AU - Kita, Yosuke
AU - Suzuki, Kota
AU - Okumura, Yasuko
AU - Egashira, Yuka
AU - Shirakawa, Yuka
AU - Mitsuhashi, Shota
AU - Kitamura, Yuzuki
AU - Nakagawa, Eiji
AU - Yamashita, Yushiro
AU - Inagaki, Masumi
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2020 The Japanese Society of Child Neurology
PY - 2020/9
Y1 - 2020/9
N2 - Objective: Children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) exhibit deficits in executive function. Since there are no clear biomarkers for the disorder, this study aimed to investigate the neurophysiological biomarkers for deficits in executive function in children with ADHD using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) and electroencephalography. Methods: Twenty patients diagnosed with ADHD and 19 typically developing children (TDC; 8–11 years old) were included. Event related potentials (ERPs) were recorded using an electroencephalogram (EEG) and oxygenated hemoglobin concentrations (Oxy-Hb) were recorded using fNIRS during a colored Go/NoGo task, simultaneously. Latencies and amplitudes of NoGo-N2 and NoGo/Go-P3 tasks were measured using EEG. Results: Children with ADHD showed significantly decreased Oxy-Hb in the right frontal cortex as well as longer NoGo-P3 latencies and a decreased NoGo/Go-P3 amplitude. There was a significant positive correlation between the Oxy-Hb and NoGo/Go-P3 amplitude. Conclusions: These results suggest that children with ADHD experience executive dysfunction. Hemodynamic and electrophysiological findings during the Go/NoGo task might be useful as a biomarker of executive function. Significance: These findings have key implications for understanding the pathophysiology of deficits in executive function in ADHD.
AB - Objective: Children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) exhibit deficits in executive function. Since there are no clear biomarkers for the disorder, this study aimed to investigate the neurophysiological biomarkers for deficits in executive function in children with ADHD using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) and electroencephalography. Methods: Twenty patients diagnosed with ADHD and 19 typically developing children (TDC; 8–11 years old) were included. Event related potentials (ERPs) were recorded using an electroencephalogram (EEG) and oxygenated hemoglobin concentrations (Oxy-Hb) were recorded using fNIRS during a colored Go/NoGo task, simultaneously. Latencies and amplitudes of NoGo-N2 and NoGo/Go-P3 tasks were measured using EEG. Results: Children with ADHD showed significantly decreased Oxy-Hb in the right frontal cortex as well as longer NoGo-P3 latencies and a decreased NoGo/Go-P3 amplitude. There was a significant positive correlation between the Oxy-Hb and NoGo/Go-P3 amplitude. Conclusions: These results suggest that children with ADHD experience executive dysfunction. Hemodynamic and electrophysiological findings during the Go/NoGo task might be useful as a biomarker of executive function. Significance: These findings have key implications for understanding the pathophysiology of deficits in executive function in ADHD.
KW - ADHD
KW - Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
KW - Event related potential
KW - Executive functions
KW - Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS)
KW - Go/NoGo task
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U2 - 10.1016/j.braindev.2020.05.007
DO - 10.1016/j.braindev.2020.05.007
M3 - Article
C2 - 32532641
AN - SCOPUS:85086159329
SN - 0387-7604
VL - 42
SP - 555
EP - 563
JO - Brain and Development
JF - Brain and Development
IS - 8
ER -