Expanded precoding index modulation for MIMO system

Index modulation (IM) is receiving attention because of its high energy efficiency. In precoding index modulation (PIM), some of the data bits are used for the modulation of symbols and the rest are used for the selection of precoding coefficients. In conventional PIM, the precoding matrices are orthogonal and unitary. In the proposed PIM, the number of the columns of the precoding matrix is expanded more than that of the rows. Because of the expanded precoding matrices, the number of data bits used for the selection of precoding coefficients is increased. As a result, a code rate can be reduced compared to that of the conventional PIM and the number of candidate constellation points for demodulation can be decreased as compared to that of a multiple-input multiple-output MIMO system under the same throughput. Numerical results obtained through computer simulation show that the proposed PIM with QPSK symbols improves the performance by about 2.5 dB at a bit error rate of 10− ³ as compared to overloaded MIMO with 16QAM symbols for two transmit antennas and one receive antenna. It also achieves about 3.5 dB better performance than the conventional PIM under the same antenna condition. Furthermore, the optimum number of index modulation bits is found by the simulation for the proposed PIM. In addition, the PIM scheme reduces demodulation complexity by a factor of 32 as compared to that of the MIMO under specific modulation parameters.