TY - JOUR
T1 - Half-quantized non-Abelian vortices in neutron 3P2 superfluids inside magnetars
AU - Masuda, Kota
AU - Nitta, Muneto
N1 - Funding Information:
We thank Takeshi Mizushima for helpful discussions. K.M. thanks Mark Alford for the kind hospitality and discussions in Washington University in St Louis, where part of this work was carried out under the support of the ALPS Program, University of Tokyo. K.M. is supported by a JSPS Research Fellowship for Young Scientists. The work of M.N. is supported in part by a Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Innovative Areas “Topological Materials Science” (KAKENHI Grant No. 15H05855) and “Nuclear Matter in Neutron Stars Investigated by Experiments and Astronomical Observations” (KAKENHI Grant No. 15H00841) from the the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science (MEXT) of Japan. The work of M.N. is also supported in part by a Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (KAKENHI Grant No. 25400268) and by the MEXT-Supported Program for the Strategic Research Foundation at Private Universities “Topological Science” (Grant No. S1511006).
Publisher Copyright:
© 2020 The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Physical Society of Japan.
PY - 2020/1/8
Y1 - 2020/1/8
N2 - We point out that half-quantized non-Abelian vortices exist as the minimum energy states in rotating neutron3P2 superfluids in the inner cores of magnetars with magnetic fields greater than 3 × 1015 Gauss, while they do not in ordinary neutron stars with smaller magnetic fields. One integer vortex is split into two half-quantized vortices. The number of vortices is about 1019 and they are separated at about μm in a vortex lattice for typical parameters, while the vortex core size is about 10-100 fm. They are non-Abelian vortices characterized by a non-Abelian first homotopy group, and consequently when two vortices corresponding to non-commutative elements collide, a rung vortex must be created between them, implying the formation of an entangled vortex network inside the cores of magnetars. We find spontaneous magnetization in the vortex core showing diamagnetism whose typical magnitude is about 108-9 Gauss, which is ten times larger than that of integer vortices, when external magnetic fields are present along the vortex line.
AB - We point out that half-quantized non-Abelian vortices exist as the minimum energy states in rotating neutron3P2 superfluids in the inner cores of magnetars with magnetic fields greater than 3 × 1015 Gauss, while they do not in ordinary neutron stars with smaller magnetic fields. One integer vortex is split into two half-quantized vortices. The number of vortices is about 1019 and they are separated at about μm in a vortex lattice for typical parameters, while the vortex core size is about 10-100 fm. They are non-Abelian vortices characterized by a non-Abelian first homotopy group, and consequently when two vortices corresponding to non-commutative elements collide, a rung vortex must be created between them, implying the formation of an entangled vortex network inside the cores of magnetars. We find spontaneous magnetization in the vortex core showing diamagnetism whose typical magnitude is about 108-9 Gauss, which is ten times larger than that of integer vortices, when external magnetic fields are present along the vortex line.
KW - D41
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U2 - 10.1093/ptep/ptz138
DO - 10.1093/ptep/ptz138
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85078854115
VL - 2020
JO - Progress of Theoretical and Experimental Physics
JF - Progress of Theoretical and Experimental Physics
SN - 2050-3911
IS - 1
M1 - 013D01
ER -