TY - JOUR
T1 - How cervical reconstruction surgery affects global spinal alignment
AU - Mizutani, Jun
AU - Strom, Russell
AU - Abumi, Kuniyoshi
AU - Endo, Kenji
AU - Ishii, Ken
AU - Yagi, Mitsuru
AU - Tay, Bobby
AU - Deviren, Vedat
AU - Ames, Christopher
N1 - Funding Information:
Part of this work was supported by the Grant-in-Aid Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS KAKENHI; grant numbers 24592206 and 15K10414). The authors have no personal, financial, or institutional interest in any of the drugs, materials, or devices described in this article.
Publisher Copyright:
© © Congress of Neurological Surgeons 2018.
PY - 2019/4/1
Y1 - 2019/4/1
N2 - BACKGROUND There have been no reports describing how cervical reconstruction surgery affects global spinal alignment (GSA). OBJECTIVE To elucidate the effects of cervical reconstruction for GSA through a retrospective multicenter study. METHODS Seventy-eight patients who underwent cervical reconstruction surgery for cervical kyphosis were divided into a Head-balanced group (n = 42) and a Trunk-balanced group (n = 36) according to the values of the C7 plumb line (PL). We also divided the patients into a cervical sagittal balanced group (CSB group, n = 18) and a cervical sagittal imbalanced group (CSI group, n = 60) based on the C2 PL-C7 PL distance. Various sagittal Cobb angles and the sagittal vertical axes were measured before and after surgery. RESULTS Cervical alignment was improved to achieve occiput-trunk concordance (the distance between the center of gravity [COG] PL, which is considered the virtual gravity line of the entire body, and C7 PL < 30 mm) despite the location of COG PL and C7PL. A subsequent significant change in thoracolumbar alignment was observed in Head-balanced and CSI groups. However, no such significant change was observed in Trunk-balanced and CSB groups. We observed 1 case of transient and 1 case of residual neurological worsening. CONCLUSION The primary goal of cervical reconstruction surgery is to achieve occiput-trunk concordance. Once it is achieved, subsequent thoracolumbar alignment changes occur as needed to harmonize GSA. Cervical reconstruction can restore both cervical deformity and GSA. However, surgeons must consider the risks and benefits in such challenging cases.
AB - BACKGROUND There have been no reports describing how cervical reconstruction surgery affects global spinal alignment (GSA). OBJECTIVE To elucidate the effects of cervical reconstruction for GSA through a retrospective multicenter study. METHODS Seventy-eight patients who underwent cervical reconstruction surgery for cervical kyphosis were divided into a Head-balanced group (n = 42) and a Trunk-balanced group (n = 36) according to the values of the C7 plumb line (PL). We also divided the patients into a cervical sagittal balanced group (CSB group, n = 18) and a cervical sagittal imbalanced group (CSI group, n = 60) based on the C2 PL-C7 PL distance. Various sagittal Cobb angles and the sagittal vertical axes were measured before and after surgery. RESULTS Cervical alignment was improved to achieve occiput-trunk concordance (the distance between the center of gravity [COG] PL, which is considered the virtual gravity line of the entire body, and C7 PL < 30 mm) despite the location of COG PL and C7PL. A subsequent significant change in thoracolumbar alignment was observed in Head-balanced and CSI groups. However, no such significant change was observed in Trunk-balanced and CSB groups. We observed 1 case of transient and 1 case of residual neurological worsening. CONCLUSION The primary goal of cervical reconstruction surgery is to achieve occiput-trunk concordance. Once it is achieved, subsequent thoracolumbar alignment changes occur as needed to harmonize GSA. Cervical reconstruction can restore both cervical deformity and GSA. However, surgeons must consider the risks and benefits in such challenging cases.
KW - Cervical kyphotic deformity
KW - Cervical spine reconstruction
KW - Global spinal alignment
KW - Occiput-trunk concordance
KW - Sagittal vertical axis
KW - Spinal deformity
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U2 - 10.1093/neuros/nyy141
DO - 10.1093/neuros/nyy141
M3 - Article
C2 - 29718359
AN - SCOPUS:85062971774
SN - 0148-396X
VL - 84
SP - 898
EP - 907
JO - Neurosurgery
JF - Neurosurgery
IS - 4
ER -