TY - JOUR
T1 - Observations of the distribution of GM3 in membrane microdomains by atomic force microscopy
AU - Iijima, Kazutoshi
AU - Soga, Norihiro
AU - Matsubara, Teruhiko
AU - Sato, Toshinori
N1 - Funding Information:
The authors thank Dr. Kenichi Bannai (Keio University) for useful comments about Eq. (1) in the text. This study was partly supported by Special Coordination Funds for Promoting Science and Technology (T.S.) and Grant-in-Aid for the Encouragement of Young Scientists 17750166 (T.M.) from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, the Japanese Government, and a grant for Keio Leading-edge Laboratory of Science and Technology (KLL) specified research projects 2005–2006 (T. M.). K.I. is a research assistant of Center for Human Metabolomic System Biology, Keio University Global Center of Excellence program.
PY - 2009/9/15
Y1 - 2009/9/15
N2 - Glycosphingolipids (GSLs) in membrane microdomains participate in important biological functions. In the present paper, we propose a novel model of the distribution of GSLs in membrane microdomains composed of sphingomyelin (SM) and cholesterol. We investigated the distribution of the ganglioside GM3 in a lipid membrane reconstituted with lipid extract from mouse B16 melanoma cells using an atomic force microscope (AFM). The surface topography of the reconstituted lipid bilayer showed three areas of different heights. The highest area was confirmed to be a GM3 domain by labeling with wheat germ agglutinin. To identify the lipids which are contributed to make the topography, the topographies of the artificial lipid bilayers composed of GM3, SM, 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-phosphatidylcholine, and cholesterol were investigated. AFM images of the artificial lipid bilayers showed that the GM3 domain surrounded by a SM-containing phase only occurred, and its formation was found to depend on the cholesterol content.
AB - Glycosphingolipids (GSLs) in membrane microdomains participate in important biological functions. In the present paper, we propose a novel model of the distribution of GSLs in membrane microdomains composed of sphingomyelin (SM) and cholesterol. We investigated the distribution of the ganglioside GM3 in a lipid membrane reconstituted with lipid extract from mouse B16 melanoma cells using an atomic force microscope (AFM). The surface topography of the reconstituted lipid bilayer showed three areas of different heights. The highest area was confirmed to be a GM3 domain by labeling with wheat germ agglutinin. To identify the lipids which are contributed to make the topography, the topographies of the artificial lipid bilayers composed of GM3, SM, 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-phosphatidylcholine, and cholesterol were investigated. AFM images of the artificial lipid bilayers showed that the GM3 domain surrounded by a SM-containing phase only occurred, and its formation was found to depend on the cholesterol content.
KW - Atomic force microscope
KW - Glycosphingolipid
KW - Lipid raft
KW - Membrane microdomain
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U2 - 10.1016/j.jcis.2009.05.032
DO - 10.1016/j.jcis.2009.05.032
M3 - Article
C2 - 19524935
AN - SCOPUS:67651004320
SN - 0021-9797
VL - 337
SP - 369
EP - 374
JO - Journal of Colloid and Interface Science
JF - Journal of Colloid and Interface Science
IS - 2
ER -