TY - JOUR
T1 - Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the aerosol in Beijing, China, measured by aminopropylsilane chemically-bonded stationary-phase column chromatography and HPLC/fluorescence detection
AU - Okuda, Tomoaki
AU - Naoi, Daisuke
AU - Tenmoku, Masaki
AU - Tanaka, Shigeru
AU - He, Kebin
AU - Ma, Yongliang
AU - Yang, Fumo
AU - Lei, Yu
AU - Jia, Yingtao
AU - Zhang, Dihan
PY - 2006/10/1
Y1 - 2006/10/1
N2 - We developed a useful analytical method for the determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) concentrations in the aerosol of China. We used an accelerated solvent extraction (ASE) method for the extraction of PAHs from the aerosol samples, in order to reduce the extraction time and the solvent volume used. The optimum purification method was developed, with aminopropylsilane chemically-bonded stationary-phase column chromatography, in order to remove many co-extractives which cannot be removed by conventional purification methods using silica-gel column chromatography. HPLC/fluorescence detection (FLD) was adopted as the analytical method, because it has very high sensitivity to PAH and it is easy to install, operate, and maintain as compared with GC/MS. With the analytical method developed in this study, the recovery and precision (RSD) for most of the PAHs ranged from 75% to 129% and from 2.8% to 22.7%, respectively. The concentrations of PAHs in the aerosol samples collected from October 2003 to April 2005 in Beijing, China were determined using the newly developed method. ∑PAHs, which is the sum of the concentrations of all detected PAHs, was 177.8 ± 239.9 ng m-3 (n = 64). The ∑PAHs concentration in the heating season (305.1 ± 279.0 ng m-3, n = 33) was 7.2 times higher than that in the non-heating season (42.3 ± 32.0 ng m-3, n = 31). These strong seasonal variations in atmospheric PAH concentration are possibly due to coal combustion for residential heating in winter.
AB - We developed a useful analytical method for the determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) concentrations in the aerosol of China. We used an accelerated solvent extraction (ASE) method for the extraction of PAHs from the aerosol samples, in order to reduce the extraction time and the solvent volume used. The optimum purification method was developed, with aminopropylsilane chemically-bonded stationary-phase column chromatography, in order to remove many co-extractives which cannot be removed by conventional purification methods using silica-gel column chromatography. HPLC/fluorescence detection (FLD) was adopted as the analytical method, because it has very high sensitivity to PAH and it is easy to install, operate, and maintain as compared with GC/MS. With the analytical method developed in this study, the recovery and precision (RSD) for most of the PAHs ranged from 75% to 129% and from 2.8% to 22.7%, respectively. The concentrations of PAHs in the aerosol samples collected from October 2003 to April 2005 in Beijing, China were determined using the newly developed method. ∑PAHs, which is the sum of the concentrations of all detected PAHs, was 177.8 ± 239.9 ng m-3 (n = 64). The ∑PAHs concentration in the heating season (305.1 ± 279.0 ng m-3, n = 33) was 7.2 times higher than that in the non-heating season (42.3 ± 32.0 ng m-3, n = 31). These strong seasonal variations in atmospheric PAH concentration are possibly due to coal combustion for residential heating in winter.
KW - Accelerated solvent extraction (ASE)
KW - Coal combustion
KW - Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs)
KW - Residential heating
KW - Seasonal variation
KW - Total suspended particles (TSP)
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U2 - 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2006.01.064
DO - 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2006.01.064
M3 - Article
C2 - 16524620
AN - SCOPUS:33747172017
VL - 65
SP - 427
EP - 435
JO - Chemosphere
JF - Chemosphere
SN - 0045-6535
IS - 3
ER -