Processor capacity reserves: Operating system support for multimedia applications

Multimedia applications have timing requirements that cannot generally be satisfied using the time-sharing scheduling algorithms of general purpose operating systems. Our approach is to provide the predictability of real-time systems while retaining the flexibility of a time-sharing system. We designed a processor capacity reservation mechanism that isolates programs from the timing and execution characteristics of other programs in the same way that a memory protection system isolates them from outside memory accesses. In this paper, we describe a scheduling framework that supports reservation and admission control, and we introduce a novel reserve abstraction, specifically designed for the microkernel architecture, for measuring and controlling processor usage. We have implemented processor capacity reserves in Real-Time Mach, and we describe the performance of our system on several types of applications.