@article{fe7c2d8bf8bc4a3d98052958f9034259,
title = "Regional, national, and international nanoelectronics research programs: Topical concentration and gaps",
abstract = "This paper will outline some results obtained by an international working group on nanoelectronics, which collects data from major publicly funded programs in Europe, Japan, and the United States on long-term nanoelectronics research. It maps these programs and projects onto a set of research directions that are expected to drive nanoelectronics for the long term. The purpose is to identify those research topics attracting a lot of attention and those important topics that seem less attractive. This paper will give examples of interregional collaborative programs and identify sources of funding specifically provided to support international collaborations.",
keywords = "Collaborative work, information technology, international relations, nanoarchitecture, nanoelectronics, nanotechnology",
author = "Michel Brillou{\"e}t and Bourianoff, {George I.} and Cavin, {Ralph Keary} and Toshiro Hiramoto and Hutchby, {James A.} and Ionescu, {Adrian M.} and Ken Uchida",
note = "Funding Information: At the European level, non-European partners can participate in a project funded by the EC; moreover, the non-European partner can exceptionally be funded by EC for its research activity if it brings a unique expertise in the project [15]. Funding Information: JSPS is an independent administrative institution, established by way of a national law for the purpose of contributing to the advancement of science in all fields of the natural and social sciences and the humanities. JSPS plays a pivotal role in the administration of a wide spectrum of Japan{\textquoteright}s scientific and academic programs. JSPS{\textquoteright}s operation is supported in large part by annual subsidies from the Japanese Government. Its main functions include promoting international scientific cooperation. Besides specific bilateral programs between Japan and foreign countries [17], the JSPS Core-to-Core Program [18] is conducted with the purpose of building and expanding a cooperative international framework among universities and research institutions in Japan and, among others, the United States and many European countries: foreign institutions are required to secure project funding for their own activities. Funding Information: All the identified programs are funded by the Japanese Government. Most of the basic research is funded through the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT) or the New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization [NEDO [10] under the umbrella of the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry (METI)]. NEDO is also contributing to industry-oriented programs like Millennium Research for Advanced Information Technology (MIRAI) [11]. Funding Information: 3) JST: JST also shows many examples of international cooperation through its Basic Research Program/ International Cooperative Research Projects (JST/ICORP [31]) where the funding is secured by each research team in its country. In the field of information processing, the Quantum Spin Information Project [32] supervised by Prof. S. Tarucha (University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan) involves complementary expertise from Japanese research groups, from the Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands (Prof. L. P. Kouwenhoven), and from the University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland (Prof. D. Loss). In exploring spin-based quantum information technologies in confined systems, they expect to provide dramatic evolution of information security and processing systems. Funding Information: At the national level, the NSF through the National Nanotechnology Initiative (NNI) [14], the national laboratories of the Department of Energy, NIST, and the Department of Defense have major programs for the future nanoelectronics. Funding Information: The first category includes two major programs driven by the Semiconductor Research Corporation (SRC): the Focus Center Research Program (FCRP) [12] cofunded by SRC and the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) and focusing on ultimate CMOS and beyond, and the Nanoelectronics Research Initiative (NRI) [13] cofunded by SRC, the National Science Foundation (NSF), the National Institute of Science and Technology (NIST), and several state governments (California, New York, Texas, and Indiana). The NRI program addresses the quest for a new logic switch. Funding Information: 3) The United States: The NSF, through its Office of International Science and Engineering (OISE) provides a Partnership program for International Research and Education (PIRE) [20]. This program supports bold, forward-looking research whose successful outcome results from all partners, the United States and foreign, providing unique contributions to the research endeavour. More than 30 projects were awarded and the funding ranges from few tens of thousands to near three millions of US dollars. Either new proposals including international components or projects already supported by the NSF requesting supplemental funding for international cooperation can be considered.",
year = "2010",
month = dec,
doi = "10.1109/JPROC.2010.2061210",
language = "English",
volume = "98",
pages = "1993--2004",
journal = "Proceedings of the Institute of Radio Engineers",
issn = "0018-9219",
publisher = "Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.",
number = "12",
}