TY - JOUR
T1 - Safety and efficacy profile of conjugate vaccines
T2 - A review of published studies
AU - Hasegawa, Naoki
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2020 Life Science Publishing Co. Ltd. All rights reserved.
PY - 2020
Y1 - 2020
N2 - Invasive diseases caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae, Neisseria meningitidis, or Haemophilus influenzae (H. influenzae), such as meningitis and bloodstream infections, are life-threatening conditions. Owing to the introduction of universal vaccination programs, the incidence of invasive diseases is decreasing worldwide. Nevertheless, individuals with underlying diseases or those who have undergone an organ or stem cell transplantation are at a high risk of these diseases due to a compromised immune system. Therefore, effective preventive measures are warranted for these high-risk populations. Conjugate vaccines (conjugation of bacterial capsular polysaccharides covalently linked to a protein carrier) were developed to elicit a stronger, long-lasting immune response compared with conventional capsular polysaccharide vaccines in a T-cell-dependent manner. The use of the 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) for the prevention of pneumococcal pneumonia in high-risk individuals is recommended in Europe and the United States, and their use has been implemented in some countries. This article summarizes the epidemiology of bacterial meningitis and invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) in Japan; provides an overview of conjugate vaccines (PCV13 for pneumococcal pneumonia, quadrivalent meningococcal groups A, C, W-135, and Y conjugate vaccine for meningococcal meningitis, and H. influenzae type b [Hib] conjugate vaccine for Hib infection); and discusses the efficacy, immunogenicity, and safety of the conjugate vaccines as reported by published clinical trials.
AB - Invasive diseases caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae, Neisseria meningitidis, or Haemophilus influenzae (H. influenzae), such as meningitis and bloodstream infections, are life-threatening conditions. Owing to the introduction of universal vaccination programs, the incidence of invasive diseases is decreasing worldwide. Nevertheless, individuals with underlying diseases or those who have undergone an organ or stem cell transplantation are at a high risk of these diseases due to a compromised immune system. Therefore, effective preventive measures are warranted for these high-risk populations. Conjugate vaccines (conjugation of bacterial capsular polysaccharides covalently linked to a protein carrier) were developed to elicit a stronger, long-lasting immune response compared with conventional capsular polysaccharide vaccines in a T-cell-dependent manner. The use of the 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) for the prevention of pneumococcal pneumonia in high-risk individuals is recommended in Europe and the United States, and their use has been implemented in some countries. This article summarizes the epidemiology of bacterial meningitis and invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) in Japan; provides an overview of conjugate vaccines (PCV13 for pneumococcal pneumonia, quadrivalent meningococcal groups A, C, W-135, and Y conjugate vaccine for meningococcal meningitis, and H. influenzae type b [Hib] conjugate vaccine for Hib infection); and discusses the efficacy, immunogenicity, and safety of the conjugate vaccines as reported by published clinical trials.
KW - Vaccine-preventable disease
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M3 - Review article
AN - SCOPUS:85094629678
VL - 41
SP - 561
EP - 576
JO - Therapeutic Research
JF - Therapeutic Research
SN - 0289-8020
IS - 7
ER -