TY - JOUR
T1 - The carbon dioxide emissions of firms
T2 - A spatial analysis
AU - Cole, Matthew A.
AU - Elliott, Robert J.R.
AU - Okubo, Toshihiro
AU - Zhou, Ying
N1 - Funding Information:
We gratefully acknowledge the support of Leverhulme Trust Grant Number F/00 094/BH . We are also grateful to Japan's Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry (METI) for providing access to official micro-data. This research is supported by KAKENHI Project 21730194 .
Copyright:
Copyright 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
PY - 2013/3
Y1 - 2013/3
N2 - In order to gain a greater understanding of firms' 'environmental behaviour' this paper explores the factors that influence firms' emissions intensities and provides the first analysis of the determinants of firm level carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. Focussing on Japan, the paper also examines whether firms' CO2 emissions are influenced by the emissions of neighbouring firms and other possible sources of spatial correlation. Results suggest that size, the capital-labour ratio, R&D expenditure, the extent of exports and concern for public profile are the key determinants of CO2 emissions. Local lobbying pressure, as captured by regional community characteristics, does not appear to play a role, however emissions are found to be spatially correlated. This raises implications for the manner in which the environmental performance of firms is modelled in future.
AB - In order to gain a greater understanding of firms' 'environmental behaviour' this paper explores the factors that influence firms' emissions intensities and provides the first analysis of the determinants of firm level carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. Focussing on Japan, the paper also examines whether firms' CO2 emissions are influenced by the emissions of neighbouring firms and other possible sources of spatial correlation. Results suggest that size, the capital-labour ratio, R&D expenditure, the extent of exports and concern for public profile are the key determinants of CO2 emissions. Local lobbying pressure, as captured by regional community characteristics, does not appear to play a role, however emissions are found to be spatially correlated. This raises implications for the manner in which the environmental performance of firms is modelled in future.
KW - Carbon dioxide
KW - Firms
KW - Formal and informal regulations
KW - Japan
KW - Spatial
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U2 - 10.1016/j.jeem.2012.07.002
DO - 10.1016/j.jeem.2012.07.002
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:84875241936
VL - 65
SP - 290
EP - 309
JO - Journal of Environmental Economics and Management
JF - Journal of Environmental Economics and Management
SN - 0095-0696
IS - 2
ER -