TY - JOUR
T1 - A model for calculating the spatial coverage of audible disaster warnings using gtfs realtime data
AU - Nishino, Akihiko
AU - Kodaka, Akira
AU - Nakajima, Madoka
AU - Kohtake, Naohiko
N1 - Funding Information:
Funding: This research was funded by JST Belmont Forum, grant number JPMJBF2004.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
PY - 2021/12/1
Y1 - 2021/12/1
N2 - In the event of a large-scale disaster, the dissemination of audible disaster warning information via sirens is effective in ensuring a rapid response. Sirens can be installed not only on fixed towers, but also on public transport and other vehicles passing through residential areas, and at spots where residents congregate, to increase area coverage. Although models to calculate the spatial coverage of audible information delivered from fixed sirens have been constructed, no general-purpose model has been developed to assess the delivery from vehicles. In this study, we focused on the General Transit Feed Specification (GTFS), which is an open format for geospatial information on public transport. We conducted a spatial analysis using a geographic information system (GIS) on the basis of the acquired bus location information. We developed a model to calculate the spatial coverage of the audible information delivery for overlapping hazard maps and population. Assuming a flood occurred in the vicinity of Brisbane Central Station, Queensland, Australia, we confirmed that the developed model was capable of characterizing the time-series changes in the exposed population in the target area. Since the GTFS format is currently distributed across various countries, this assessment model is considered to be highly versatile and widely applicable.
AB - In the event of a large-scale disaster, the dissemination of audible disaster warning information via sirens is effective in ensuring a rapid response. Sirens can be installed not only on fixed towers, but also on public transport and other vehicles passing through residential areas, and at spots where residents congregate, to increase area coverage. Although models to calculate the spatial coverage of audible information delivered from fixed sirens have been constructed, no general-purpose model has been developed to assess the delivery from vehicles. In this study, we focused on the General Transit Feed Specification (GTFS), which is an open format for geospatial information on public transport. We conducted a spatial analysis using a geographic information system (GIS) on the basis of the acquired bus location information. We developed a model to calculate the spatial coverage of the audible information delivery for overlapping hazard maps and population. Assuming a flood occurred in the vicinity of Brisbane Central Station, Queensland, Australia, we confirmed that the developed model was capable of characterizing the time-series changes in the exposed population in the target area. Since the GTFS format is currently distributed across various countries, this assessment model is considered to be highly versatile and widely applicable.
KW - Disaster information
KW - GIS
KW - GTFS
KW - Spatial coverage rate
KW - Warning dissemination
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U2 - 10.3390/su132313471
DO - 10.3390/su132313471
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85120799113
VL - 13
JO - Sustainability
JF - Sustainability
SN - 2071-1050
IS - 23
M1 - 13471
ER -