Association between alcohol intake and subjective health: The Sotetsu study

Subjective health and alcohol intake are important predictors of mortality. There have been few epidemiological studies, however, of the relationship between alcohol consumption and subjective health among the Japanese. The purpose of this study is to investigate the association between alcohol consumption and subjective health. The study subjects were 2,020 Japanese male employees, who were free from serious disease conditions. The data on subjective health and alcohol consumption were obtained by means of self-reported questionnaire. The subjects who responded "poor health" in the answer to the question about the subjective health status were considered to be in ill-health. Ethanol intake per day was calculated by multiplying the frequency of drinking by the ethanol intake per drinking occasion and summing up for each alcoholic beverage. Age, smoking status, physical activity, and sleeping hours were treated as confounding factors. As a result, subjects who consumed 25-36 or 49 g ethanol or more per day had a significantly lower risk of self-rated ill-health compared with those who had never drunk, and a significantly inverse trend was found independent of age, smoking status, physical activity, and sleeping hours. In conclusion, moderate drinkers have a lower risk of self-rated ill-health among Japanese male employees investigated.