TY - JOUR
T1 - Association between tear film break up time and blink interval in visual display terminal users
AU - Uchino, Miki
AU - Kawashima, Motoko
AU - Uchino, Yuichi
AU - Tsubota, Kazuo
AU - Yokoi, Norihiko
N1 - Funding Information:
This study was a collaborative investigation of the Dry Eye Society, Tokyo, Santen Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Osaka, and AVC Networks Company, Panasonic Corporation, Osaka, Japan. Santen, Santen Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd and AVC Networks Company provided the research facilities, and Santen Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. assisted in the transport of equipment.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2018, International Journal of Ophthalmology (c/o Editorial Office). All rights reserved.
PY - 2018
Y1 - 2018
N2 - AIM: To investigate the association between tear film break up time (TBUT) and blinking interval in visual display terminal (VDT) users. ● METHODS: Nine hundred and thirty VDT users underwent dry eye testing, and functional visual acuity (FVA) test. The blinking interval during FVA was compared with TBUT. Subjects with longer blinking interval than TBUT were considered as unstable tear film. Logistic regression analysis revealed the risk factors for unstable tear group. ● RESULTS: Among 930 workers, 858 subjects (92.3%) participated in this study. Almost 80% of the subjects were categorized into the unstable tear group. Unstable tear group has significantly lower Schirmer values and TBUT (17.5±11.6 vs 21.1±11.5 mm, 3.7±2.6 vs 5.7±2.7s, both P<0.001). There were no significant differences in epithelial staining or severity of symptoms. Logistic regression showed that over 40y was a risk for being unstable tear group [odds ratio (OR)=1.53; 95% confidence interval (CI)=1.06-2.20]. Contact lens use was protective factor for being in the unstable tear group (OR=0.37; 95%CI= 0.26-0.53). ● CONCLUSION: Subjects with shorter TBUT than blinking interval are prevalent among VDT users. Subjects over the age of 40 shows an increased risk for unstable tear film.
AB - AIM: To investigate the association between tear film break up time (TBUT) and blinking interval in visual display terminal (VDT) users. ● METHODS: Nine hundred and thirty VDT users underwent dry eye testing, and functional visual acuity (FVA) test. The blinking interval during FVA was compared with TBUT. Subjects with longer blinking interval than TBUT were considered as unstable tear film. Logistic regression analysis revealed the risk factors for unstable tear group. ● RESULTS: Among 930 workers, 858 subjects (92.3%) participated in this study. Almost 80% of the subjects were categorized into the unstable tear group. Unstable tear group has significantly lower Schirmer values and TBUT (17.5±11.6 vs 21.1±11.5 mm, 3.7±2.6 vs 5.7±2.7s, both P<0.001). There were no significant differences in epithelial staining or severity of symptoms. Logistic regression showed that over 40y was a risk for being unstable tear group [odds ratio (OR)=1.53; 95% confidence interval (CI)=1.06-2.20]. Contact lens use was protective factor for being in the unstable tear group (OR=0.37; 95%CI= 0.26-0.53). ● CONCLUSION: Subjects with shorter TBUT than blinking interval are prevalent among VDT users. Subjects over the age of 40 shows an increased risk for unstable tear film.
KW - Blink interval
KW - Dry eye disease
KW - Tear film break up time
KW - Visual display terminal use
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U2 - 10.18240/ijo.2018.10.18
DO - 10.18240/ijo.2018.10.18
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85055174849
SN - 2222-3959
VL - 11
SP - 1691
EP - 1697
JO - International Journal of Ophthalmology
JF - International Journal of Ophthalmology
IS - 10
ER -