TY - JOUR
T1 - Compound-specific radiocarbon analysis of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in sediments from an urban reservoir
AU - Kanke, Hirohide
AU - Uchida, Masao
AU - Okuda, Tomoaki
AU - Yoneda, Minoru
AU - Takada, Hideshige
AU - Shibata, Yasuyuki
AU - Morita, Masatoshi
N1 - Funding Information:
We are grateful to T. Kobayashi and C. Kobayashi for operating the AMS in NIES-TERRA. We thank H. Naraoka, associate professor of Tokyo Metropolitan University, for his support in δ 13 C measurement using GC/C/IRMS. We thank S. Ohtsuka and other staff members of the administration office of the Outer Gardens of the Imperial Palace, Ministry of Environment, Government of Japan, for providing us every facilities in collecting sediment samples in the palace moat. We also thank several graduate and undergraduate students in our laboratories for their assistance in collecting the sediment samples. A part of this study was financially supported by the Budget for Nuclear Research of the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, based on screening and counseling by the Atomic Energy Commission. This work is a part of the “Study on the past marine environmental changes” sponsored by the Japan Marine Science and Technology Center (MIO contribution #27).
PY - 2004/8
Y1 - 2004/8
N2 - A quantitative apportionment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) derived from fossil fuel combustion (14C-free) and biomass burning (contemporary 14C) was carried out using a recently developed compound-specific radiocarbon analysis (CSRA) method for a sediment core from an urban reservoir located in the central Tokyo metropolitan area, Japan. The 14C abundance of PAHs in the sediments was measured by accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) after extraction and purification by three types of column chromatography, by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and, subsequently, by a preparative capillary gas chromatography (PCGC) system. This method yielded a sufficient quantity of pure compounds and allowed a high degree of confidence in the determination of 14C. The fraction modern values (fM) of individual PAHs (phenanthrene, alkylphenanthrenes, fluoranthene, pyrene and benz[a]anthracene) in the sediments ranged from 0.06 to 0.21. These results suggest that sedimentary PAHs (those compounds mentioned above) were derived mostly from fossil fuel combustion. Three sectioned-downcore profiles (∼40 cm) of the 14C abundance in phenanthrene and alkylphenanthrenes showed a decreasing trend with depth, that was anti-correlated with the trend of ∑PAHs concentration. The fM values of phenanthrene were also larger than those of alkylphenanthrenes in each section of the core. This result indicates that phenanthrene received a greater contribution from biomass burning than alkylphenanthrenes throughout the core. This finding highlights the method used here as an useful approach to elucidate the source and origin of PAHs in the environment.
AB - A quantitative apportionment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) derived from fossil fuel combustion (14C-free) and biomass burning (contemporary 14C) was carried out using a recently developed compound-specific radiocarbon analysis (CSRA) method for a sediment core from an urban reservoir located in the central Tokyo metropolitan area, Japan. The 14C abundance of PAHs in the sediments was measured by accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) after extraction and purification by three types of column chromatography, by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and, subsequently, by a preparative capillary gas chromatography (PCGC) system. This method yielded a sufficient quantity of pure compounds and allowed a high degree of confidence in the determination of 14C. The fraction modern values (fM) of individual PAHs (phenanthrene, alkylphenanthrenes, fluoranthene, pyrene and benz[a]anthracene) in the sediments ranged from 0.06 to 0.21. These results suggest that sedimentary PAHs (those compounds mentioned above) were derived mostly from fossil fuel combustion. Three sectioned-downcore profiles (∼40 cm) of the 14C abundance in phenanthrene and alkylphenanthrenes showed a decreasing trend with depth, that was anti-correlated with the trend of ∑PAHs concentration. The fM values of phenanthrene were also larger than those of alkylphenanthrenes in each section of the core. This result indicates that phenanthrene received a greater contribution from biomass burning than alkylphenanthrenes throughout the core. This finding highlights the method used here as an useful approach to elucidate the source and origin of PAHs in the environment.
KW - Compound-specific radiocarbon analysis
KW - Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
KW - Sediment
KW - Urban reservoir
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U2 - 10.1016/j.nimb.2004.04.102
DO - 10.1016/j.nimb.2004.04.102
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:3943059469
VL - 223-224
SP - 545
EP - 554
JO - Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms
JF - Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms
SN - 0168-583X
IS - SPEC. ISS.
ER -