@article{27584bc67de8423797c1d5e082155b2f,
title = "Ground state modulations in the CPN-1 model",
abstract = "In this work we examine a system consisting of a confined one-dimensional arrangement of atoms that we describe by using the 2-dimensional CPN-1 model, restricted to an interval and at finite temperature. We develop a method to obtain the bulk and boundary parts of the one-loop effective action as a function of the effective mass of the fluctuations. The formalism has the advantage of allowing for a systematic analysis of a large class of boundary conditions and to model the (adiabatic) response of the ground state to changes in the boundary conditions. In the case of periodic boundary conditions, we find that inhomogeneous phases are disfavored for intervals of large size. Away from periodic boundary conditions, our numerical results show that the ground state has a generic crystal-like structure that can be modulated by variations of the boundary conditions. The results presented here could be relevant for experimental implementations of nonlinear sigma models and could be tested by lattice numerical simulations.",
author = "Antonino Flachi and Guglielmo Fucci and Muneto Nitta and Satoshi Takada and Ryosuke Yoshii",
note = "Funding Information: This work is partially funded by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science MEXT-Supported Program for the Strategic Research Foundation at Private Universities “Topological Science” (Grant No. S1511006), the Japanese Society for the Promotion of Science Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research KAKENHI [Grants No. 18K03626 (A. F.), No. 16H03984 and No. 18H01217 (M. N.), and No. 19K14616 (R. Y.)], and by MEXT-KAKENHI Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Innovative Areas “Topological Materials Science” No. 15H05855 (M. N.). A. F. is especially grateful to Toshiaki Fujimori for discussions and to him and Etsuko Itō for sharing their results prior to publication. Thanks are also extended to Matthew Edmonds, Daisuke Inotani, Bjarke Gudnason, Giacomo Marmorini, Keisuke Ohashi, and Vincenzo Vitagliano for discussions. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2019 authors. Published by the American Physical Society.",
year = "2019",
month = oct,
day = "16",
doi = "10.1103/PhysRevD.100.085006",
language = "English",
volume = "100",
journal = "Physical Review D",
issn = "2470-0010",
publisher = "American Physical Society",
number = "8",
}