TY - JOUR
T1 - Oxidative stress of the cornea
AU - Shimmura, Shigeto
PY - 2005/7/1
Y1 - 2005/7/1
N2 - The corneal epithelium is exposed to the atmosphere and is therefore prone to oxidative stress due to ultraviolet (UV) radiation and relatively high concentrations of oxygen. Using sensitive fluorescent probes, it is possible to measure oxidant formation in corneal epithelial cells at UV radiation intensities much lower than the lethal threshold. Cell death caused by UV radiation takes the form of either apoptosis or necrosis, depending upon the dose of radiation and on mitochondrial function, which is vital in determining the pattern of cell death. A high level of atmospheric oxygen, especially following periods of hypoxia, can also cause oxidative stress in epithelial cells. Although oxygen deprivation can damage cells, reoxygenation is believed to cause leakage of electrons from the mitochondria, which leads to accumulation of toxic reactive oxygen species within the cell. The fact that corneal epithelial cells have extensive stores of glycogen for anaerobic glycolysis indicates that they have a mechanism to protect themselves from oxidative damage.
AB - The corneal epithelium is exposed to the atmosphere and is therefore prone to oxidative stress due to ultraviolet (UV) radiation and relatively high concentrations of oxygen. Using sensitive fluorescent probes, it is possible to measure oxidant formation in corneal epithelial cells at UV radiation intensities much lower than the lethal threshold. Cell death caused by UV radiation takes the form of either apoptosis or necrosis, depending upon the dose of radiation and on mitochondrial function, which is vital in determining the pattern of cell death. A high level of atmospheric oxygen, especially following periods of hypoxia, can also cause oxidative stress in epithelial cells. Although oxygen deprivation can damage cells, reoxygenation is believed to cause leakage of electrons from the mitochondria, which leads to accumulation of toxic reactive oxygen species within the cell. The fact that corneal epithelial cells have extensive stores of glycogen for anaerobic glycolysis indicates that they have a mechanism to protect themselves from oxidative damage.
KW - Apoptosis
KW - Cornea
KW - Oxidative Stress
KW - Superoxide Dismutase (SOD)
KW - Ultraviolet Radiation
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M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:26644449419
VL - 56
SP - 475
EP - 480
JO - Folia Ophthalmologica Japonica
JF - Folia Ophthalmologica Japonica
SN - 0015-5667
IS - 7
ER -