Pseudogap Phenomena Near the BKT Transition of a Two-Dimensional Ultracold Fermi Gas in the Crossover Region

We investigate strong-coupling properties of a two-dimensional ultracold Fermi gas in the normal phase. In the three-dimensional case, it has been shown that the so-called pseudogap phenomena can be well described by a (non-self-consistent) T-matrix approximation (TMA). In the two-dimensional case, while this strong-coupling theory can explain the pseudogap phenomenon in the strong-coupling regime, it unphysically gives large pseudogap size in the crossover region, as well as in the weak-coupling regime. We show that this difficulty can be overcome when one improves TMA to include higher-order pairing fluctuations within the framework of a self-consistent T-matrix approximation (SCTMA). The essence of this improvement is also explained. Since the observation of the BKT transition has recently been reported in a two-dimensional ⁶Li Fermi gas, our results would be useful for the study of strong-coupling physics associated with this quasi-long-range order.