Resolving "the tragedy of the commons" achieve effective use of public school sports facilities case studies on NPO clubs operating "comprehensive community sports clubs" in Japan

This paper examines an approach that would achieve effective use of public school sports facilities through the promotion of local government policies to outsource facilities management to NPO clubs (incorporated nonprofit organizations operating "Comprehensive Community Sports Clubs") for local sports promotion. The major finding is summarized as follow, if local governments adopt progressive policies such as outsourcing facility management to NPO clubs and if NPO clubs adequately manage the facilities, then a good cycle between the actions by local governments and those of NPO clubs will emerge and as a result an effective use of public school sports facilities is realized.