TY - JOUR
T1 - The neuropeptide neuromedin U stimulates innate lymphoid cells and type 2 inflammation
AU - Klose, Christoph S.N.
AU - Mahlakõiv, Tanel
AU - Moeller, Jesper B.
AU - Rankin, Lucille C.
AU - Flamar, Anne Laure
AU - Kabata, Hiroki
AU - Monticelli, Laurel A.
AU - Moriyama, Saya
AU - Putzel, Gregory Garbès
AU - Rakhilin, Nikolai
AU - Shen, Xiling
AU - Kostenis, Evi
AU - König, Gabriele M.
AU - Senda, Takashi
AU - Carpenter, Dustin
AU - Farber, Donna L.
AU - Artis, David
N1 - Funding Information:
Acknowledgements We thank I. Gabanyi and D. Mucida for help with the muscularis isolation, H.-R. Rodewald for providing Cpa3cre and G. Eberl for RorgtGFP mice. We thank the Epigenomics Core, the Imaging Core and the Mouse Genetics Core at Weill Cornell Medicine and MSKCC. Nmur1LacZ/+ mice were generated by Velocigene and NmuGFP by GENSAT and provided by the KOMP or MMRRC Repository at UC Davis. The work was supported by grants from the German Research Foundation (DFG; KL 2963/1-1 to C.S.N.K.; FOR2372 to E.K. and G.M.K.), the Australian National Health and Medical Research Comission (NHMRC) early career fellowship (to L.C.R.), the Novo Nordic Foundation (14052; to J.B.M.), the Weill Cornell Department of Medicine Pre-Career Award (to L.A.M.), the Naito Foundation (to S.M.), JSPS Overseas Research Fellowships (to S.M.), MSD Life Science Foundation (to H.K.), the Jill Roberts Institute (to G.G.P.), Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA; HR0011-16-C-0138 to X.S.), the National Institutes of Health (NIH; F32AI134018 to L.A.M.; AI061570, AI087990, AI074878, AI083480, AI095466, AI095608, AI102942, AI106697 and AI097333 to D.A.; R01GM114254 and OT2-OD023849 to X.S.; AI106697 to D.L.F.), the Burroughs Wellcome Fund (to D.A.) and the Crohn’s & Colitis Foundation of America (to T.M. and D.A.).
Publisher Copyright:
© 2017 Macmillan Publishers Limited, part of Springer Nature. All rights reserved.
PY - 2017/9/14
Y1 - 2017/9/14
N2 - The type 2 cytokines interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5, IL-9 and IL-13 have important roles in stimulating innate and adaptive immune responses that are required for resistance to helminth infection, promotion of allergic inflammation, metabolic homeostasis and tissue repair. Group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) produce type 2 cytokines, and although advances have been made in understanding the cytokine milieu that promotes ILC2 responses, how ILC2 responses are regulated by other stimuli remains poorly understood. Here we demonstrate that ILC2s in the mouse gastrointestinal tract co-localize with cholinergic neurons that express the neuropeptide neuromedin U (NMU). In contrast to other haematopoietic cells, ILC2s selectively express the NMU receptor 1 (NMUR1). In vitro stimulation of ILC2s with NMU induced rapid cell activation, proliferation, and secretion of the type 2 cytokines IL-5, IL-9 and IL-13 that was dependent on cell-intrinsic expression of NMUR1 and G αq protein. In vivo administration of NMU triggered potent type 2 cytokine responses characterized by ILC2 activation, proliferation and eosinophil recruitment that was associated with accelerated expulsion of the gastrointestinal nematode Nippostrongylus brasiliensis or induction of lung inflammation. Conversely, worm burden was higher in Nmur1 â '/â ' mice than in control mice. Furthermore, use of gene-deficient mice and adoptive cell transfer experiments revealed that ILC2s were necessary and sufficient to mount NMU-elicited type 2 cytokine responses. Together, these data indicate that the NMU-NMUR1 neuronal signalling circuit provides a selective mechanism through which the enteric nervous system and innate immune system integrate to promote rapid type 2 cytokine responses that can induce anti-microbial, inflammatory and tissue-protective type 2 responses at mucosal sites.
AB - The type 2 cytokines interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5, IL-9 and IL-13 have important roles in stimulating innate and adaptive immune responses that are required for resistance to helminth infection, promotion of allergic inflammation, metabolic homeostasis and tissue repair. Group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) produce type 2 cytokines, and although advances have been made in understanding the cytokine milieu that promotes ILC2 responses, how ILC2 responses are regulated by other stimuli remains poorly understood. Here we demonstrate that ILC2s in the mouse gastrointestinal tract co-localize with cholinergic neurons that express the neuropeptide neuromedin U (NMU). In contrast to other haematopoietic cells, ILC2s selectively express the NMU receptor 1 (NMUR1). In vitro stimulation of ILC2s with NMU induced rapid cell activation, proliferation, and secretion of the type 2 cytokines IL-5, IL-9 and IL-13 that was dependent on cell-intrinsic expression of NMUR1 and G αq protein. In vivo administration of NMU triggered potent type 2 cytokine responses characterized by ILC2 activation, proliferation and eosinophil recruitment that was associated with accelerated expulsion of the gastrointestinal nematode Nippostrongylus brasiliensis or induction of lung inflammation. Conversely, worm burden was higher in Nmur1 â '/â ' mice than in control mice. Furthermore, use of gene-deficient mice and adoptive cell transfer experiments revealed that ILC2s were necessary and sufficient to mount NMU-elicited type 2 cytokine responses. Together, these data indicate that the NMU-NMUR1 neuronal signalling circuit provides a selective mechanism through which the enteric nervous system and innate immune system integrate to promote rapid type 2 cytokine responses that can induce anti-microbial, inflammatory and tissue-protective type 2 responses at mucosal sites.
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UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85030777783&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1038/nature23676
DO - 10.1038/nature23676
M3 - Article
C2 - 28869965
AN - SCOPUS:85030777783
VL - 549
SP - 282
EP - 286
JO - Nature Cell Biology
JF - Nature Cell Biology
SN - 1465-7392
IS - 7671
ER -