@article{1a7e6dae54f94441ac8e35fce75e1c21,
title = "Topological order in the color-flavor locked phase of a (3+1)-dimensional U (N) gauge-Higgs system",
abstract = "We study a (3+1)-dimensional U(N) gauge theory with N-flavor fundamental scalar fields, whose color-flavor locked (CFL) phase has topologically stable non-Abelian vortices. The U(1) charge of the scalar fields must be Nk+1 for some integer k in order for them to be in the representation of U(N) gauge group. This theory has a ZNk+1 one-form symmetry, and it is spontaneously broken in the CFL phase, i.e., the CFL phase is topologically ordered if k≠0. We also find that the world sheet of topologically stable vortices in CFL phase can generate this one-form symmetry.",
author = "Yoshimasa Hidaka and Yuji Hirono and Muneto Nitta and Yuya Tanizaki and Ryo Yokokura",
note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2019 authors. Published by the American Physical Society. Published by the American Physical Society under the terms of the {"}https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/{"} Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license. Further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the published article's title, journal citation, and DOI. Funded by SCOAP.",
year = "2019",
month = dec,
day = "18",
doi = "10.1103/PhysRevD.100.125016",
language = "English",
volume = "100",
journal = "Physical Review D",
issn = "2470-0010",
publisher = "American Physical Society",
number = "12",
}